What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the functions of these components?

The transport system in human beings, also known as the circulatory system, includes the following components:

  • Heart: A muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
    • Function: Ensures continuous blood flow through the blood vessels.
  • Blood Vessels:
    • Arteries: Carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the tissues.
    • Veins: Carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
    • Capillaries: Smallest blood vessels where exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste occurs between blood and tissues.
  • Blood:
    • Red Blood Cells (RBCs): Carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and return carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.
    • White Blood Cells (WBCs): Fight infection and provide immunity.
    • Platelets: Help in blood clotting to prevent excessive bleeding.
    • Plasma: The liquid part of blood that transports nutrients, hormones, and waste products.

MCQs Based on the above question

Question 1: WWhich component of the human transport system carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart?
A) Arteries
B) Veins
C) Capillaries
D) Red Blood Cells

Answer: A) Arteries


Question 2: What is the main function of the heart in the human transport system?
A) Fighting infection
B) Pumping blood throughout the body
C) Carrying oxygen to the tissues
D) Clotting blood to prevent bleeding

Answer: B) Pumping blood throughout the body


Question 3: Which blood component helps in blood clotting to prevent excessive bleeding?
A) Red Blood Cells
B) White Blood Cells
C) Platelets
D) Plasma

Answer: C) Platelets


Question 4: Where does the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste occur between blood and tissues?
A) Arteries
B) Veins
C) Capillaries
D) Red Blood Cells

Answer: C) Capillaries