In a neuron, where is impulse converted into chemical signal for onward transmission?

In a neuron, the impulse is converted into a chemical signal at the axon terminals (also known as synaptic terminals or synaptic knobs).

► Here’s how it works:

Electrical impulse (action potential) travels down the axon to the axon terminals.
When the impulse reaches the axon terminals, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers stored in small sacs called synaptic vesicles.
The neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft (the gap between neurons) and bind to receptors on the next neuron, muscle cell, or gland, allowing the signal to be passed on.

This process is essential for communication between neurons and other cells in the body!

Structure of Neuron:

FAQs

1️⃣ How is a nerve impulse transmitted from one neuron to another?

A nerve impulse is transmitted through a synapse where the electrical signal is converted into a chemical signal using neurotransmitters.

2️⃣ What are neurotransmitters, and what role do they play?

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers (e.g., acetylcholine, dopamine) that carry signals across the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next.

3️⃣ How does an electrical impulse trigger neurotransmitter release?

When an impulse reaches the axon terminal, it causes calcium ions (Ca²⁺) to enter, triggering the release of neurotransmitters from vesicles into the synaptic cleft.

4️⃣ How do neurotransmitters pass the signal to the next neuron?

Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, generating a new electrical impulse for further transmission.

5️⃣ What happens to neurotransmitters after signal transmission?

They are either broken down by enzymes, reabsorbed (reuptake) by the neuron, or diffuse away, ensuring proper nerve function.

6️⃣ What diseases can occur due to neurotransmitter imbalance?

Structure of Neuron:

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