The amount of urine produced is regulated by:
- Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Increases water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine volume. When body water levels are low, ADH is released, making the kidneys reabsorb more water and concentrate the urine.
- Aldosterone: Promotes sodium and water reabsorption in the kidney tubules, increasing blood volume and decreasing urine output.
- Hydration Levels: Increased fluid intake leads to higher urine production, while dehydration reduces it.
- Blood Pressure: Low blood pressure triggers the release of renin, leading to aldosterone secretion, which increases water reabsorption and reduces urine volume.
MCQs Based on the above question
Question 1: Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the kidneys, thereby reducing urine volume when body water levels are low?
A. Aldosterone
B. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
C. Renin
D. Insulin
Answer: B. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Question 2: What is the role of aldosterone in regulating urine production?
A. It increases water reabsorption by promoting sodium and water reabsorption in the kidney tubules.
B. It decreases water reabsorption by inhibiting sodium uptake in the kidney tubules.
C. It dilutes urine by increasing fluid intake.
D. It reduces blood pressure by decreasing water reabsorption.
Answer: A. It increases water reabsorption by promoting sodium and water reabsorption in the kidney tubules.
Question 3: How do hydration levels affect urine production?
A. Increased fluid intake leads to lower urine production.
B. Increased fluid intake leads to higher urine production.
C. Dehydration increases urine production.
D. Hydration levels have no effect on urine production.
Answer: B. Increased fluid intake leads to higher urine production.
Question 4: What triggers the release of renin and subsequently aldosterone, leading to increased water reabsorption and reduced urine volume?
A. High blood pressure
B. Low blood pressure
C. High blood glucose levels
D. High sodium intake
Answer: B. Low blood pressure