Oxygen Transport:
- Oxygen is inhaled into the lungs and diffuses into the blood, where it binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells to form oxyhemoglobin.
- This oxygen-rich blood is then transported through the circulatory system to various tissues, where oxygen is released for cellular respiration.
Carbon Dioxide Transport:
- Carbon dioxide produced as a waste product of cellular respiration diffuses into the blood and is transported back to the lungs.
- It is carried in three forms: dissolved in plasma, as bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻), and bound to hemoglobin (as carbaminohemoglobin).
- In the lungs, carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood into the alveoli and is exhaled.
MCQs Based on the above question
Question 1: How is oxygen primarily transported in human beings?
a) Dissolved in plasma
b) Bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells
c) Carried as bicarbonate ions
d) Transported as carbaminohemoglobin
Answer: b) Bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells
Question 2: Where does oxygen primarily bind in the blood during transportation?
a) Plasma
b) Platelets
c) Red blood cells
d) White blood cells
Answer: c) Red blood cells
Question 3: What is the main mechanism by which carbon dioxide is transported from tissues to the lungs?
a) Bound to albumin
b) Dissolved in plasma
c) Bound to hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin
d) Carried as bicarbonate ions
Answer: d) Carried as bicarbonate ions
Question 4: What forms does carbon dioxide take during transportation in the body?
a) Only dissolved in plasma
b) Bicarbonate ions, dissolved, and bound to hemoglobin
c) Bound to albumin
d) Only as carbaminohemoglobin
Answer: b) Bicarbonate ions, dissolved, and bound to hemoglobin