Chapter 5 Conservation Of Plants And Animals Question Answers

Important Terms to Learn Before Starting Making Notes 🗒

Exercise Question Starts Here: Start Working 🖊️

1. Fill in the Blanks

(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called a wildlife sanctuary.

(b) Species found only in a particular area are known as endemic species.

(c) Migratory birds fly to far away places because of seasonal changes.

2. Differentiate Between the Following

(a) Wildlife Sanctuary and Biosphere Reserve:

• Wildlife Sanctuary: A protected area where animals can live in their natural habitat without human interference. It focuses on the protection of specific species and their habitats.
• Biosphere Reserve: A larger area comprising protected core zones, buffer zones, and transition areas. It aims to conserve biodiversity, promote research, and encourage sustainable development.

(b) Zoo and Wildlife Sanctuary:

• Zoo: A place where animals are kept in captivity for public display, education, and conservation purposes. Animals are provided with enclosures that mimic their natural habitats.
• Wildlife Sanctuary: A protected area where animals are allowed to live in their natural habitat without human interference, focusing on conservation and protection of wildlife.

(c) Endangered and Extinct Species:

• Endangered Species: Species that are at risk of becoming extinct in the near future due to a significant decline in their population and habitat destruction.
• Extinct Species: Species that no longer exist anywhere on Earth. They have completely disappeared from their natural habitat and the world.

(d) Flora and Fauna:

• Flora: The plant life found in a particular region or habitat. It includes all types of plants, trees, flowers, and vegetation.
• Fauna: The animal life found in a particular region or habitat. It includes all types of animals, birds, insects, and marine life.

3. Discuss the Effects of Deforestation

(a) Wild Animals: Loss of habitat, leading to decreased populations, increased human-animal conflicts, and extinction of species.

(b) Environment: Disruption of ecosystems, loss of biodiversity, increased greenhouse gases, and climate change.

(c) Villages (Rural Areas): Reduced agricultural productivity, loss of livelihood for communities dependent on forests, and scarcity of resources like fuelwood and fodder.

(d) Cities (Urban Areas): Increased air pollution, higher temperatures (urban heat island effect), and reduced air quality.

(e) Earth: Global warming, climate change, increased natural disasters, and disruption of global carbon and water cycles.

(f) The Next Generation: Scarcity of natural resources, loss of biodiversity, environmental degradation, and reduced quality of life.

4. What Will Happen If

(a) We Go on Cutting Trees: Severe environmental degradation, loss of biodiversity, increased greenhouse gas emissions, soil erosion, and climate change.

(b) The Habitat of an Animal is Disturbed: Animals may migrate to other areas, leading to human-animal conflicts, and some species may become endangered or extinct due to the loss of their natural habitat.

(c) The Top Layer of Soil is Exposed: Soil erosion, loss of fertility, reduced agricultural productivity, and increased sedimentation in water bodies.

5. Answer in Brief

(a) Why Should We Conserve Biodiversity?

• To maintain ecosystem balance, support ecosystem services, ensure sustainable resources for future generations, and preserve genetic diversity.

(b) Protected Forests Are Also Not Completely Safe for Wild Animals. Why?

• Due to illegal activities like poaching, encroachment, and deforestation within protected areas, wild animals are still at risk.

(c) Some Tribals Depend on the Jungle. How?

• For their livelihood, food, shelter, medicine, and cultural practices. Forests provide them with essential resources for their daily lives.

(d) What Are the Causes and Consequences of Deforestation?

• Causes: Agricultural expansion, logging, urbanization, and infrastructure development.
• Consequences: Loss of biodiversity, climate change, soil erosion, disruption of water cycles, and loss of livelihoods.

(e) What is Red Data Book?

• A book that provides information about endangered and threatened species, their status, and conservation measures.

(f) What Do You Understand by the Term Migration?

• The seasonal movement of animals from one region to another for breeding, feeding, or escaping harsh weather conditions.

6. Is it Justified to Cut Trees for Such Projects? Discuss and Prepare a Brief Report.

Report:

Cutting trees for industrial and residential projects is a contentious issue. While it is necessary to meet the growing demand for housing and infrastructure, it is crucial to balance development with environmental conservation. Unchecked deforestation leads to severe ecological consequences, including loss of biodiversity, climate change, and environmental degradation. Sustainable development practices, such as afforestation, using alternative materials, and implementing green technologies, should be prioritized to minimize environmental impact. Thus, cutting trees for projects is justified only if it is done sustainably and with measures in place to mitigate environmental damage.

7. How Can You Contribute to the Maintenance of Green Wealth of Your Locality? Make a List of Actions to Be Taken by You.

1. Plant and care for trees in your community.
2. Participate in local tree-planting drives and environmental awareness campaigns.
3. Reduce, reuse, and recycle paper and wood products.
4. Support and volunteer with local environmental organizations.
5. Encourage and educate others about the importance of trees and green spaces.
6. Advocate for the protection of local parks and natural areas.
7. Practice water conservation to support the health of plants and trees.
8. Avoid using harmful chemicals that can damage the environment.
9. Promote the use of sustainable and eco-friendly products.
10. Participate in community clean-up efforts to maintain green spaces.

8. Explain How Deforestation Leads to Reduced Rainfall.

Deforestation reduces the number of trees that release water vapor into the atmosphere through the process of transpiration. This reduces the overall moisture in the air, leading to less cloud formation and subsequently reduced rainfall. Additionally, deforestation disrupts the local water cycle and can contribute to changes in weather patterns, further decreasing precipitation.

9. Find Out About National Parks in Your State. Identify and Show Their Location on the Outline Map of India.

You would need to look up national parks specific to your state. For example, if you are in Maharashtra, some national parks include Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, and Chandoli National Park. You can use an outline map of India to mark their locations accurately.

10. Why Should Paper Be Saved? Prepare a List of Ways by Which You Can Save Paper.

Reasons to Save Paper:

• Reduces deforestation and conserves natural resources.
• Saves energy and water used in paper production.
• Reduces greenhouse gas emissions from paper manufacturing and disposal.
• Decreases waste in landfills and promotes recycling.

Ways to Save Paper:

1. Use both sides of the paper for printing and writing.
2. Recycle used paper and buy recycled paper products.
3. Opt for digital documents instead of printing.
4. Use cloth towels instead of paper towels.
5. Avoid disposable paper products like plates and cups.
6. Share and borrow books instead of buying new ones.
7. Use online subscriptions for newspapers and magazines.
8. Implement paper-saving techniques in offices and schools.
9. Encourage creative reuse of paper for crafts and projects.
10. Promote awareness about paper conservation.

11. Complete the Word Puzzle

Down

1. Species on the verge of extinction: Endangered
2. A book carrying information about endangered species: Red Data Book
3. Consequence of deforestation: Erosion

Across

1. Species which have vanished: Extinct
2. Species found only in a particular habitat: Endemic
3. Variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms found in an area: Biodiversity

Here’s a simplified view of the puzzle:

Across:

1. Extinct
2. Endemic
3. Biodiversity

Down:

1. Endangered
2. Red Data Book
3. Erosion

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