Carbon and Its Compounds: 15 MCQs with explanations

Supportive Question for Exam: Carbon and its compounds Class 10 / By

These questions help you understand basic chemistry concepts 🧪. Each question comes with an easy-to-follow explanation that shows why the correct answer is right ✅. Whether you’re learning about how different substances react or the structure of molecules, these explanations make the ideas clear and simple 🧠.

1. Which of the following metal is used as a catalyst in hydrogenation?

  • a. Cu
  • b. Ni (Correct Answer)
  • c. Fe
  • d. Na

â–º Explanation: Nickel (Ni) is commonly used as a catalyst in the hydrogenation process to convert unsaturated compounds into saturated ones.

2. The number of single bonds in a hexane molecule are:

  • a. 18
  • b. 19
  • c. 20 (Correct Answer)
  • d. 21

â–º Explanation: Hexane (C6H14) has 6 carbon atoms and 14 hydrogen atoms. Each carbon atom forms 4 single bonds (C-H or C-C), resulting in a total of 20 single bonds.

3. It is present in the molecule of N2:

  • a. Single bond
  • b. Ionic bond
  • c. Double bond
  • d. Triple bond (Correct Answer)

â–º Explanation: Nitrogen (N2) molecules are held together by a triple bond, making the molecule very stable.

4. Which substance burns without producing a flame?

  • a. Candle
  • b. Charcoal (Correct Answer)
  • c. Wood
  • d. LPG

â–º Explanation: Charcoal burns without a visible flame, unlike other substances like candles or wood.

5. It is a product of the soap industry:

  • a. Glycerol (Correct Answer)
  • b. Glucose
  • c. Ester
  • d. Propanal

â–º Explanation: Glycerol is a by-product of soap production, formed when fats or oils are processed.

6. The third member of the homologous series of alkyne is:

  • a. Hexyne
  • b. Butyne (Correct Answer)
  • c. Propyne
  • d. Ethyne

â–º Explanation: The homologous series of alkynes starts with ethyne (C2H2), propyne (C3H4), and then butyne (C4H6) as the third member.

7. Which of the following is used in cough syrups:

  • a. Sugar-methanol
  • b. Methanol
  • c. Ethanol-methanol
  • d. Sugar-ethanol (Correct Answer)

â–º Explanation: Cough syrups typically use a mixture of sugar and ethanol as a solvent and sweetener.

8. –CHO is:

  • a. Carboxylic acid
  • b. Ketone
  • c. Aldehyde (Correct Answer)
  • d. Alcohol

► Explanation: The –CHO group represents an aldehyde functional group.

9. The molecular formula of benzene is:

  • a. C6H12
  • c. C6H10
  • b. C6H14
  • d. C6H6 (Correct Answer)

â–º Explanation: Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C6H6.

10. Identify the false statements from the following:

  • i. Graphite is a good conductor of electricity.
  • ii. Diamond melts at 373 K.
  • iii. Alkaline KMnOâ‚„ is a reducing agent.
  • iv. Vegetable oil decolorizes the bromine water solution.
  • a. i, iii
  • b. ii, iii (Correct Answer)

â–º Explanation: Graphite is indeed a good conductor of electricity. Diamond does not melt at 373 K (which is very low), and KMnOâ‚„ is an oxidizing agent, not a reducing agent.

11. Two compounds X and Y are added to acetic acid in two different test tubes (1 and 2). Carbon dioxide was formed only in test tube 2. Choose the correct option:

  • a. X-sodium hydroxide, Y- sodium bicarbonate (Correct Answer)
  • b. X- sodium bicarbonate, Y- sodium hydroxide
  • c. X-sodium hydroxide, y- sulfuric acid
  • d. X-sodium bicarbonate, Y-sulfuric acid

â–º Explanation: Sodium bicarbonate reacts with acetic acid to produce carbon dioxide, while sodium hydroxide does not produce COâ‚‚ when reacted with acetic acid.

12. Which of the following can be used to test the presence of acetic acid?

  • a. Sodium chloride
  • b. Sodium ethoxide
  • c. Sodium acetate
  • d. Sodium carbonate (Correct Answer)

â–º Explanation: Sodium carbonate reacts with acetic acid to produce carbon dioxide, which can be observed as effervescence, indicating the presence of acetic acid.

13. Which of the following is generally correct about covalent compounds:

  • a. High melting point and low boiling point
  • b. Low melting point and low boiling point (Correct Answer)
  • c. Good conductor of electricity and low melting point
  • d. Water-soluble and good conductor of electricity

â–º Explanation: Covalent compounds generally have low melting and boiling points because they have weaker intermolecular forces compared to ionic compounds.

14. Which element has twice as many electrons in its second shell as in its first shell?

  • a. Silicon
  • b. Boron
  • c. Carbon (Correct Answer)
  • d. Calcium

â–º Explanation: Carbon has 2 electrons in the first shell and 4 in the second shell, which is twice the number in the first shell.

15. These two compounds produce ester:

  • a. Propanol and propanone
  • b. Propanol and propanoic acid (Correct Answer)
  • c. Propanol and propanal
  • d. Propanoic acid and propanal

â–º Explanation: An ester is formed when an alcohol (such as propanol) reacts with a carboxylic acid (such as propanoic acid).

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